Nitric Acid
While nitric acid is considered effective and low cost, the toxic chemical carries a large environmental burden for operators and communities.
Cyanide
Since its introduction into the mining industry, cyanide has been a dangerous technique of metal extraction that has severely affected the environment, with many countries banning its use.
Hydrochloric Acid
Hydrochloric acid has been found to be useful chemicals in the extraction of gold from e-waste, however, any use of acids has potentially harmful effects on people and the environment